The PHOSPHATE1 genes participate in salt and Pi signaling pathways and play adaptive roles during soybean evolution

Reference Report for AP2021103.1

Title:	The PHOSPHATE1 genes participate in salt and Pi signaling pathways and play adaptive roles during soybean evolution
Authors:	Wang, Y., Gao, H., He, L., Zhu, W., Yan, L., Chen, Q., He, C.
Source:	Wang et al. 2019 BMC Plant Biol, 19 :353
Abstract:	Background ThePHOSPHATE1(PHO1) gene family plays diverse roles in inorganic phosphate (Pi) transfer and signal transduction, and plant development. However, the functions and diversification of soybeanPHO1family are poorly understood. Results Cultivated soybean (Glycine max)was domesticated from wild soybean (Glycine soja). To illuminate their roles in this evolutionary process, we comparatively investigated theG. max PHO1genes (GmPHO1) in Suinong 14 (SN14) andG. soja PHO1genes (GsPHO1) in ZYD00006 (ZYD6). The sequences of the orthologousGm-GsPHO1pairs were grouped into two Classes. The expression of Class I in both SN14 and ZYD6 was widely but relatively high in developing fruits, whereas Class II was predominantly expressed in the roots. The whole family displayed diverse response patterns to salt stresses and Pi-starvation in roots. Between SN14 and ZYD6, mostPHO1genes responded similarly to salinity stresses, and half had sharp contrasts in response to Pi-starvation, which corroborated the differential response capacities to salinity and low-Pi stress between SN14 and ZYD6. Furthermore, in transgenicArabidopsisplants, most Class II members andGmPHO1;H9from Class I could enhance salt tolerance, while only two Class II genes (GmPHO1;H4andGmPHO1;H8) differently altered sensitivity to Pi-starvation. The expression of critical genes was accordingly altered in either salt or Pi signaling pathways in transgenicArabidopsisplants. Conclusions Our work identifies somePHO1genes as promising genetic materials for soybean improvement, and suggests that expression variation is decisive to functional divergence of the orthologousGm-GsPHO1pairs, which plays an adaptive role during soybean evolution.

Funded by the USDA-ARS. Developed by the USDA-ARS SoyBase and Legume Clade Database group at the Iowa State University, Ames, IA

U.S. Public Domain