| Authors: | Zhao, L., Li, M., Xu, C., Yang, X., Li, D., Zhao, X., Wang, K., Li, Y., Zhang, X., Liu, L., Ding, F., Du, H., Wang, C., Sun, J., Li, W. |
| Abstract: | The present study screened for polymorphisms in coding and non-coding regions of theGmGBP1gene in 278 soybean accessions with variable maturity and growth habit characteristics under natural field conditions in three different latitudes in China. The results showed that the promoter region was highly diversified compared with the coding sequence ofGmGBP1. Five polymorphisms and four haplotypes were closely related to soybean flowering time and maturity through association and linkage disequilibrium analyses. Varieties with the polymorphisms SNP_-796G, SNP_-770G, SNP_-307T, InDel_-242normal, SNP_353A, or haplotypes Hap-3 and Hap-4 showed earlier flowering time and maturity in different environments. The shorter growth period might be largely due to higherGmGBP1expression levels in soybean that were caused by the TCT-motif with SNP_-796G in the promoter. In contrast, the lower expression level ofGmGBP1in soybean caused by RNAi interference ofGmGBP1resulted in a longer growth period under different day lengths. Furthermore, the gene interference ofGmGBP1also caused a reduction in photoperiod response sensitivity (PRS) before flowering in soybean. RNA-seq analysis onGmGBP1underexpression in soybean showed that 94 and 30 predicted genes were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Of these, the diurnal photoperiod-specific expression pattern of three significant flowering time genesGmFT2a,GmFT5a, andGmFULcalso showed constantly lower mRNA levels inGmGBP1-isoybean than in wild type, especially under short day conditions. Together, the results showed thatGmGBP1functioned as a positive regulator upstream ofGmFT2aandGmFT5ato activate the expression ofGmFULcto promote flowering on short days. |
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